/* Copyright 2017 - 2026 R. Thomas
 * Copyright 2017 - 2026 Quarkslab
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
#ifndef LIEF_MACHO_SECTION_H
#define LIEF_MACHO_SECTION_H
#include <string_view>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include "LIEF/compiler_attributes.hpp"
#include "LIEF/visibility.h"

#include "LIEF/Abstract/Section.hpp"
#include "LIEF/enums.hpp"

#include "LIEF/iterators.hpp"

namespace LIEF {
class SpanStream;

namespace MachO {

class BinaryParser;
class SegmentCommand;
class Binary;
class Relocation;

namespace details {
struct section_32;
struct section_64;
}

/// Class that represents a Mach-O section
class LIEF_API Section : public LIEF::Section {

  friend class BinaryParser;
  friend class Binary;
  friend class SegmentCommand;

  public:
  using content_t = std::vector<uint8_t>;

  /// Internal container for storing Mach-O Relocation
  using relocations_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Relocation>>;

  /// Iterator which outputs Relocation&
  using it_relocations = ref_iterator<relocations_t&, Relocation*>;

  /// Iterator which outputs const Relocation&
  using it_const_relocations =
      const_ref_iterator<const relocations_t&, const Relocation*>;

  static constexpr auto FLAGS_MASK = uint32_t(0xffffff00u);
  static constexpr auto TYPE_MASK = uint32_t(0xff);

  enum class TYPE : uint64_t {
    /// Regular section.
    REGULAR = 0x00u,
    /// Zero fill on demand section.
    ZEROFILL = 0x01u,
    /// Section with literal C strings.
    CSTRING_LITERALS = 0x02u,
    /// Section with 4 byte literals.
    IS_4BYTE_LITERALS = 0x03u,
    /// Section with 8 byte literals.
    IS_8BYTE_LITERALS = 0x04u,
    /// Section with pointers to literals.
    LITERAL_POINTERS = 0x05u,
    /// Section with non-lazy symbol pointers.
    NON_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x06u,
    /// Section with lazy symbol pointers.
    LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x07u,
    /// Section with symbol stubs, byte size of stub in the Reserved2 field.
    SYMBOL_STUBS = 0x08u,
    /// Section with only function pointers for initialization.
    MOD_INIT_FUNC_POINTERS = 0x09u,
    /// Section with only function pointers for termination.
    MOD_TERM_FUNC_POINTERS = 0x0au,
    /// Section contains symbols that are to be coalesced.
    COALESCED = 0x0bu,
    /// Zero fill on demand section (that can be larger than 4 gigabytes).
    GB_ZEROFILL = 0x0cu,
    /// Section with only pairs of function pointers for interposing.
    INTERPOSING = 0x0du,
    /// Section with only 16 byte literals.
    IS_16BYTE_LITERALS = 0x0eu,
    /// Section contains DTrace Object Format.
    DTRACE_DOF = 0x0fu,
    /// Section with lazy symbol pointers to lazy loaded dylibs.
    LAZY_DYLIB_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x10u,
    /// Thread local data section.
    THREAD_LOCAL_REGULAR = 0x11u,
    /// Thread local zerofill section.
    THREAD_LOCAL_ZEROFILL = 0x12u,
    /// Section with thread local variable structure data.
    THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLES = 0x13u,
    /// Section with pointers to thread local structures.
    THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLE_POINTERS = 0x14u,
    /// Section with thread local variable initialization pointers to functions.
    THREAD_LOCAL_INIT_FUNCTION_POINTERS = 0x15u,
    /// Section with 32-bit offsets to initializer functions.
    INIT_FUNC_OFFSETS = 0x16u,
  };

  enum class FLAGS : uint64_t {
    /// Section contains only true machine instructions.
    PURE_INSTRUCTIONS = 0x80000000u,
    /// Section contains coalesced symbols that are not to be in a ranlib
    /// table of contents.
    NO_TOC = 0x40000000u,
    /// Okay to strip static symbols in this section in files with the
    /// MY_DYLDLINK flag.
    STRIP_STATIC_SYMS = 0x20000000u,
    /// No dead stripping.
    NO_DEAD_STRIP = 0x10000000u,
    /// Blocks are live if they reference live blocks.
    LIVE_SUPPORT = 0x08000000u,
    /// Used with i386 code stubs written on by dyld.
    SELF_MODIFYING_CODE = 0x04000000u,
    /// A debug section.
    DEBUG_INFO = 0x02000000u,
    /// Section contains some machine instructions.
    SOME_INSTRUCTIONS = 0x00000400u,
    /// Section has external relocation entries.
    EXT_RELOC = 0x00000200u,
    /// Section has local relocation entries.
    LOC_RELOC = 0x00000100u,
  };

  public:
  static std::unique_ptr<Section> create(const details::section_32& sec);
  static std::unique_ptr<Section> create(const details::section_64& sec);

  static std::unique_ptr<Section> create(std::string name,
                                         const content_t& content,
                                         TYPE type = TYPE::REGULAR);


  static std::unique_ptr<Section> create(std::string name,
                                         TYPE type = TYPE::REGULAR) {
    return create(std::move(name), /*content=*/{}, type);
  }

  Section(const details::section_32& sec);
  Section(const details::section_64& sec);

  Section(Section&&);
  Section& operator=(Section&&);

  ~Section() override;

  virtual std::unique_ptr<Section> clone() const {
    return std::unique_ptr<Section>(new Section(*this));
  }

  span<const uint8_t> content() const LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND override;

  span<uint8_t> content() LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND {
    return as_writable(static_cast<const Section*>(this)->content());
  }

  /// Update the content of the section
  void content(const content_t& data) override;

  /// Return the name of the segment linked to this section
  std::string_view segment_name() const LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND;

  /// Virtual base address of the section
  uint64_t address() const {
    return virtual_address();
  }

  /// Section alignment as a power of 2
  uint32_t alignment() const {
    return align_;
  }

  /// Offset of the relocation table. This value should be 0
  /// for executable and libraries as the relocations are managed by the
  /// DyldInfo::rebase
  ///
  /// On the other hand, for object files (``.o``) this value should not be 0
  ///
  /// @see numberof_relocations
  /// @see relocations
  uint32_t relocation_offset() const {
    return relocations_offset_;
  }

  /// Number of relocations associated with this section
  uint32_t numberof_relocations() const {
    return nbof_relocations_;
  }

  /// Section's flags masked with SECTION_FLAGS_MASK (see: Section::FLAGS)
  ///
  /// @see flags
  FLAGS flags() const {
    return FLAGS(flags_ & FLAGS_MASK);
  }

  /// Type of the section. This value can help to determine
  /// the purpose of the section (e.g. TYPE::INTERPOSING)
  TYPE type() const {
    return TYPE(flags_ & TYPE_MASK);
  }

  /// According to the official ``loader.h`` file, this value is reserved
  /// for *offset* or *index*
  uint32_t reserved1() const {
    return reserved1_;
  }

  /// According to the official ``loader.h`` file, this value is reserved
  /// for *count* or *sizeof*
  uint32_t reserved2() const {
    return reserved2_;
  }

  /// This value is only present for 64 bits Mach-O files. In that case,
  /// the value is *reserved*.
  uint32_t reserved3() const {
    return reserved3_;
  }

  /// Return the Section::flags as a list of Section::FLAGS
  /// @see flags
  std::vector<FLAGS> flags_list() const;

  /// Section flags without applying the SECTION_FLAGS_MASK mask
  uint32_t raw_flags() const {
    return flags_;
  }

  /// Check if this section is correctly linked with a MachO::SegmentCommand
  bool has_segment() const {
    return segment() != nullptr;
  }

  /// The segment associated with this section or a nullptr
  /// if not present
  SegmentCommand* segment() LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND {
    return segment_;
  }
  const SegmentCommand* segment() const LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND {
    return segment_;
  }

  /// Return a stream over the content of this section
  std::unique_ptr<SpanStream> stream() const;

  /// Clear the content of this section by filling its values
  /// with the byte provided in parameter
  void clear(uint8_t v) {
    span<uint8_t> write_content = content();
    std::fill(write_content.begin(), write_content.end(), v);
  }

  /// Return an iterator over the MachO::Relocation associated with this section
  ///
  /// This iterator is likely to be empty for executables and libraries while it
  /// should not be for object files (``.o``)
  it_relocations relocations() LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND {
    return relocations_;
  }
  it_const_relocations relocations() const LIEF_LIFETIMEBOUND {
    return relocations_;
  }

  void segment_name(const std::string& name);
  void address(uint64_t address) {
    virtual_address(address);
  }
  void alignment(uint32_t align) {
    align_ = align;
  }
  void relocation_offset(uint32_t offset) {
    relocations_offset_ = offset;
  }
  void numberof_relocations(uint32_t nb_reloc) {
    nbof_relocations_ = nb_reloc;
  }
  void flags(uint32_t flags) {
    flags_ = flags_ | flags;
  }
  void flags(std::vector<FLAGS> flags);
  void type(TYPE type) {
    flags_ = (flags_ & FLAGS_MASK) | uint8_t(type);
  }
  void reserved1(uint32_t reserved1) {
    reserved1_ = reserved1;
  }
  void reserved2(uint32_t reserved2) {
    reserved2_ = reserved2;
  }
  void reserved3(uint32_t reserved3) {
    reserved3_ = reserved3;
  }

  /// Check if the section has the given Section::FLAGS flag
  bool has(FLAGS flag) const;

  /// Append a Section::FLAGS to the current section
  void add(FLAGS flag);

  /// Remove a Section::FLAGS to the current section
  void remove(FLAGS flag);

  Section& operator+=(FLAGS flag) {
    add(flag);
    return *this;
  }
  Section& operator-=(FLAGS flag) {
    remove(flag);
    return *this;
  }

  template<class T>
  const T* cast() const {
    static_assert(std::is_base_of_v<Section, T>, "Require Section inheritance");
    if (T::classof(this)) {
      return static_cast<const T*>(this);
    }
    return nullptr;
  }

  template<class T>
  T* cast() {
    return const_cast<T*>(static_cast<const Section*>(this)->cast<T>());
  }

  void accept(Visitor& visitor) const override;

  LIEF_API friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,
                                           const Section& section);

  protected:
  Section();

  Section& operator=(const Section& copy);
  Section(const Section& copy);

  std::string segment_name_;
  uint64_t original_size_ = 0;
  uint32_t align_ = 0;
  uint32_t relocations_offset_ = 0;
  uint32_t nbof_relocations_ = 0;
  uint32_t flags_ = 0;
  uint32_t reserved1_ = 0;
  uint32_t reserved2_ = 0;
  uint32_t reserved3_ = 0;
  content_t content_;
  SegmentCommand* segment_ = nullptr;
  relocations_t relocations_;
};

LIEF_API const char* to_string(Section::TYPE type);
LIEF_API const char* to_string(Section::FLAGS flag);

}
}

ENABLE_BITMASK_OPERATORS(LIEF::MachO::Section::FLAGS);

#endif
